A PIECE OF PAPER FOR INDONESIA

Proposing Malay as Indonesia language,Mohammad yamin took it upon him self to formulate the text of the youth pledge.

Breakfast did not proceed as usual that morning.There were no serious discussions or jokes from the residents of the Indonesische Club gebouw on Jl. Kramat Raya No. 106 in Jakarta.A.K.Gani,a student from minang,seemed to have lost his predilection for fresh banter.His usual habit was to make fun of Jusupadi Danuhadiningrat from Yogyakarta.The object of A.K.Gani's jokes would then be countered by Mohammad Yamin with outbursts that would provoke loughter from Amir Sjarifuddin or Abu Hanifah.

But on the Sunday morning on October 28,1928,almost all the residents of Indonesische Clubgebouw were lost in their own thoughts.In fact they appeared eager to finish quickly and leave the dinning table."Perhaps because they were busy taking part in the congress,than again perhaps because the dishes were unappetizing.Understand,thet the quality of the food that day had deteriorated,"said Dr R. Soeharto,a colleague of Yamin's who later became Bung Karno's(Indonesia's founding President Sukarno)personal physician.

Yamin needed to immediatelly make notes on the thoughts of the speakers at the 2nd Indonesian Youth Congress the previous evening at the Katholieke jongelingen Bond building,Waterloopplein,Banteng Square,Jakarta.Understand that he held the post of congress committe secretary.That night,he had spoken at great length about"Unity and Indonesian Nationalism",including the need for one language to unite the ethnic and tribal groups in Indonesia.

Yamin's speech before the 750 people present at the general meeting that night was believed to have been able to mobilize the representetives of regional youth organizations who attended the congress to make a pladge of unity.It was Yamin who then wrote the text of the Youth Pledge,yhe youth organizations acting as a unified group,abandoning their provincialism and fusing into a single organitation:the Indonesian Youth.Bung Hatta(Mohammad Hatta,Indonesia's first Vice President)referred to the Youth Pledge"as a historical eruption".

THE COMPOSER'S GARDEN OF LOVE

W.R.Soepratman performed the song Indonesia RAya at the 2nd Youth Congress to great applause.But the song Matahari Terbit saw him interned in Kalisosok jail.His life was devoid of love.

SUNDAY,october 28,1928.A slightly-built young man hurried to approach session chairman Soegondo Djojopoespito.Carrying a violin,he held up a sheet of paper containing lyrics of a song he had composed.

Catching sight of the song's title,Raya Indonesia,Soegondo,s eyes quickly stole a glance at the Dutch police commissioner who was seriously monitoring the congress progress.That day was the second of the 2nd Youth Congress at the Indonische Clubgebouw building on jl.Kramat Raya No.106 in Jakarta.During a break in the session,Soegondo nodded his approval and allowed the young man to demonstrate his work,but without the words to the song.The Indonesia Raya was concerned that the extensive use of the words"Indonesia"and"freedom"in the song's lyrics would cause problems.

The evening was growing late and the session was quickly closed.At 10pm or just after,the young man named W.R.Soepratman stepped forward.He bent his body and began to play his violin.The music ended with a long round of applause."Encore,encore,encore,again,again..."shouted the audience.

W.R.Soepratman was known as a journalist who liked to play music and socialize with young people at the headquarters of the Indonesia Student and Youth Association on Kramat Raya 106.To this Day,people have different opinions as to where he was born.Some believe that Soepratman,the seventh of eight children,was born in the village of Somongari,Kaligesing,Porworejo,Central java.Others were sure that he was born in Mester,Jatinegara,East Jakarta,in1903.

ASAL-USUL BATAVIA (BETAWI)

*Dari Batavia-menjadi jakarta*

Batavia didirikan oleh Gubernur Jendral Jan Pieterszoon Coen pada tahun 1619,dan terlatak di pesisir utara laut jawa,di tepi muara Kali Ciliwung.Pada masa itu,penduduk pribumi menyebut Batavia dengan nama Betawi.Dulu pada abad ke-14 kota ini dikenal dengan nama Sunda Kelapa,yang merupakan kota pelabuan Kerajaan Pajajaran.Pada tahun1522,Portugis masuk ke kota ini dan mendirikan benteng serta mengambil alih kekuasaan dari tangan Raja Pajajaran.Namun pada tanggal 22 Juni 1527,seorang Panglima perang dari Kerajaan Demak yang sekaligus tokoh penyebar ajaran agama Islam yang bernama Fatahillah (Sunan Gunung Jati) berhasil merebut kembali Sunda Kelapa,dan kemudian mengganti namanya menjadi Jayakarta,yang berarti"kemenangan yang sempurna".Dalam perkembangannya,nama Jayakarta pun berganti menjadi Jakarta,dan kemudian di tetapkan pemerintah sebagai Ibu Kota Negara Republik Indonesia,pusat pemerintahan,pusat perdagangan,pusat perindustrian,serta pusat kebudayaan.Sedangkan tanggal 22 Juni,yakni tanggal direbutnya kembali Sunda Kelapa oleh Fatahillah,ditetapkan sebagai hari jadi Kota Jakarta.Setiap tanggal tersebut,seluruh warga Jakarta memperingati hari jadi kotanya dengan berbagai atraksi dan acara yang meriah